The History of Aubusson Tapestry
Aubusson tapestries and rugs take their name from the small towns of Aubusson and Felletin, located in Central France, where they have been produced since the 14th century. Their fascinating history began with production on looms in small family workshops, and local weavers were soon joined by highly skilled craftsmen from Flanders. Geography played its part too, as the local river Creuse had acidic water which helped fix the natural vegetable pigments used to dye the wools used for weaving.
By the sixteenth century Aubusson tapestries were famous. During this time the weavers developed new techniques which allowed them to create depth of vision, producing designs influenced by the Italian Renaissance, with its emphasis on realistic depictions of nature and scenic landscapes. Such tapestries hung in the grand houses of the nobility, where they became important status symbols. Their visual impact and technical complexity made them difficult to replicate.
The position of Aubusson as a dominant force remained unchallenged until the French Revolution which saw the downfall of the French nobility and their possessions were discredited and destroyed with many tapestries being lost. At this time the manual weaving which was highly skilled and physically demanding was replaced by mechanisation. Aubusson survived in a reduced capacity by creating reproductions and diversifying into furniture covers and floral tapestry carpets. Some simpler designs became popular once more at the end of the 19th century but it was not until after the end of World War II that a true revival in tapestry weaving occurred.
Aubusson Tapestries in Interiors Today
The appeal of Aubusson tapestries has been gaining ground once more and they are again highly desirable. It is no wonder, as they add so much to an interior space. The soft, aged colours of their woven wool and silk create a subtle palette, allowing them to be used in many settings—whether to relieve a lack of natural light, enhance bare walls, or define a smaller space with limited floor area.
The texture of tapestries create a tactile experience, they add warmth, depth and atmosphere to a room in a unique way. They provide an ideal backdrop for English and French antique furniture adding richness and an extra layer of complexity to a room.
Aubusson at Mist Antiques
At Mist Antiques I have been fortunate enough to have had several pieces of Aubusson tapestry. This photograph is of a beautiful wall hanging depicting a woodland scene in lovely soft colours, featuring ducks and a swan framed by intricately woven trees to the sides, all created using soft muted tones. In addition I have an early Aubusson panel featuring cherubs offset in a Victorian velvet surround.
Coming soon will be some beautiful antique cushions made from sections of Aubusson, in the meantime please take a look at the antique textiles section to see what is currently available.